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Ilinizas Ecological Reserve
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The Ilinizas Ecological Reserve spans approximately 149,900 hectares across the Cotopaxi and Pichincha provinces in central Ecuador. Established in 1996, the reserve protects a vast range of ecosystems, from subtropical cloud forests on the western slopes to the high-altitude paramo and glacial peaks. The reserve is named after the twin Iliniza peaks: Iliniza Sur, reaching 5,248 meters, and Iliniza Norte, standing at 5,126 meters. One of its most famous features is the Quilotoa Loop, which includes the panoramic emerald-water crater lake of the Quilotoa volcano. The flora is dominated by Espeletia plants and Polylepis forests, providing a habitat for elusive wildlife such as the spectacled bear, pumas, and the Andean condor. As a critical watershed, the reserve provides essential water resources to the surrounding inter-Andean valleys and supports significant regional biodiversity.
- Location: Ecuador
- Top sights: The Pillars of Tangan · Reserva Ecológica Los Ilinizas · Capilla nuestra senora del cisne
- Nearby: Saquisilí (28 km)
Best time to visit & climate
The most pleasant time to visit is Jul–Sep.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg °C | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Rain mm | 132 | 142 | 169 | 168 | 117 | 63 | 43 | 33 | 41 | 80 | 92 | 100 |
📋 Practical info
Best season
The best time to visit is the dry season from June to December, when the mist forests are more accessible. The rainy season from January to May brings more precipitation but also lush vegetation and abundant insects.
Best time of day
Early morning provides the richest bird song and mystical mist-filled landscapes. Late afternoon frequently sees mammals like coatis and deer becoming active.
Etiquette
Always stay on marked trails to protect the fragile highland ecosystems. Do not feed or lure any wildlife, even from a distance, as this disrupts their natural foraging habits.
What to bring
Warm, water-resistant clothing and sturdy hiking boots are needed for the cool mist and uneven terrain. Binoculars and a camera with zoom assist in wildlife spotting.
Getting there
The reserve is located in the Ecuadorian highlands, reachable by road from Latacunga. A 4x4 vehicle is recommended, especially during the rainy season.
What to expect
Mist can heavily reduce visibility at times; wait for a break to view the surroundings. Animals often only appear after a long, quiet wait, so patience is key.
Geography
Facts
- The reserve was officially established on December 11, 1996.
- The highest elevation is Iliniza Sur, peaking at 5,248 meters above sea level.
- The Quilotoa crater lake is approximately 3 kilometers wide.
- It provides a habitat for over 300 distinct bird species.
- The total protected area covers roughly 149,900 hectares.
- Temperature ranges from 3°C in the high paramo to 24°C in lower forests.
Explore nearby
Notable places around
Route planner — Car & Motorhome
Where do you start? We build the route here, with stops and country notes along the way.
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Sights in the town Ilinizas Ecological Reserve (3)
Sights nearby
Frequently asked questions
Which mountains dominate the reserve?
The twin peaks Iliniza Norte and Iliniza Sur, as well as the Corazón volcano.
Is the Quilotoa Lagoon part of this reserve?
Yes, the famous emerald-green Quilotoa Lagoon is located within the borders of the reserve.
How difficult is the hike to Iliniza Norte?
It is a challenging high-altitude hike that requires acclimation and good gear.
Do I need a permit to visit?
You need to register at the entrance, but a special prior permit is usually not required.
What accommodation options are in the reserve?
There is a refuge (Refugio Nuevos Horizontes) for climbers and guesthouses in Quilotoa.
Ilinizas Ecological Reserve: where is it located?
Ilinizas Ecological Reserve is located in Ecuador.
Ilinizas Ecological Reserve: what is there to see?
Highlights include The Pillars of Tangan, Reserva Ecológica Los Ilinizas, Capilla nuestra senora del cisne.
Ilinizas Ecological Reserve: when is the best time to visit?
The most pleasant time to visit is Jul, Sep.
Ilinizas Ecological Reserve: why is it worth visiting?
The Ilinizas Ecological Reserve spans approximately 149,900 hectares across the Cotopaxi and Pichincha provinces in central Ecuador.
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Nearby cities
Latacunga
A colonial town near the Cotopaxi volcano, known for the Mama Negra festival.
La Maná
A canton where the tropical climate meets the foot of the Andes, known for its waterfalls.
Guaranda
The city of seven hills, nestled in the steep valleys of the Ecuadorian Andes.
Saquisilí
Saquisilí is an authentic Andean town famous for hosting one of the most vibrant and expansive indigenous markets in Ecuador every Thursday.
Riobamba
Often called the Sultana of the Andes, surrounded by snow-capped volcanoes.
San Lorenzo
A port city near the Colombian border, surrounded by pristine mangrove forests.
Azogues
A colonial city in the Andes known for its majestic Franciscan church.
Quito
The high-altitude capital of Ecuador, known for its well-preserved colonial historic center.
History & landmarks
Pujilí
Pujilí is a picturesque town in the Cotopaxi province, renowned for its indigenous markets and vibrant Corpus Christi celebrations.
Alausí
Alausí is a charming heritage town in the Andes, globally famous as the starting point for the dramatic "Nariz del Diablo" train journey.
Cañar
Cañar is an Andean town renowned for its vibrant indigenous culture and its proximity to Ingapirca, Ecuador's most important Inca ruins.
Temple of the Fatherland
A massive museum and monument on the slopes of Pichincha, where the decisive battle for Ecuador's independence took place.
Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Dew
A spectacular church built directly into the steep cliffs above the small town of Biblián.
Quito Cable Car
One of the highest aerial lifts in the world, taking visitors from the city center up the slopes of the Pichincha Volcano.
Nature
More places
Illiniza
The Illinizas are twin volcanoes in the Andes; Illiniza Sur is glacier-covered and technical, while Illiniza Norte is a rocky peak.
Cotopaxi
Cotopaxi is one of the world's highest active volcanoes and an iconic symbol of Ecuador with its perfect cone shape.
Mashpi Reserve
A private rainforest conservation area combining exclusive ecotourism with in-depth research.
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Chimborazo Fauna Production Reserve
A protected area on Ecuador's highest mountain, created specifically for the protection of vicuñas, alpacas and llamas.
Mindo Butterfly Farm
An interactive garden in the cloud forest where visitors can observe hundreds of colorful butterflies in all stages of life.
Chimborazo
Chimborazo is the highest mountain in Ecuador and the farthest point on Earth from the Earth's center.
Carihuairazo
A heavily eroded volcanic caldera located in the immediate vicinity of the massive Chimborazo.
Chimborazo Cement Plant
One of the largest cement plants in the country, playing a crucial role in the construction sector of the Andean region.