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Emi Koussi

Plizio editorial teamUpdated: Jun 2026Data Sources

Mountain

Weather…

Emi Koussi is a massive dormant volcano in the Tibesti Mountains and, at 3,415 meters above sea level, is the highest mountain in Chad and the entire Sahara. This pyroclastic shield volcano occupies an area of approximately 60 by 80 kilometers, defining the desert landscape in the north of the country with its massive silhouette. Two large calderas are located on its summit, the larger one having a diameter of nearly 15 kilometers. A striking geological feature is the 'Trou au Natron,' a deep crater with white natron salt crusts contrasting with the dark volcanic rock. Historically, the mountain was first climbed in 1938 by Wilfred Thesiger, but for local Toubou nomads, it has been a sacred site for millennia. Extreme conditions on the mountain, with temperatures dropping far below freezing at night, make expeditions a logistical challenge. Vegetation is sparse and restricted to resilient high-mountain plants surviving in protected crevices of the caldera. Geologically, Emi Koussi is part of a chain of volcanic centers created by a hotspot beneath the African plate. Today, the mountain is a symbol of the pristine and wild nature of the central Sahara.

Best time to visit & climate

The most pleasant time to visit is Feb, Mar, Nov.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Avg °C	16	19	24	29	32	33	33	33	32	28	21	17
Rain mm	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	5	0	0	0	0

📋 Practical info

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Getting there

Reaching this volcano in Chad is extremely demanding and requires a well-planned expedition through the Sahara. The starting point is often the town of Faya-Largeau, using all-terrain vehicles.

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Best season

Expeditions are almost exclusively conducted during the cooler winter months to avoid the extreme summer heat of the desert. Temperatures can still show stark fluctuations between day and night.

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Terrain & paths

The terrain encompasses rugged volcanic rocks, scree, sand, and steep ascents on the way to the highest peak in the Sahara. Excellent physical conditioning is essential for the trekking.

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What to bring

Complete desert trekking gear, vast amounts of drinking water, protection from both cold and sun, and sturdy mountaineering boots are required. Satellite phones and navigation equipment are vital for survival.

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Parking

Logistics and transport vehicles (often modified 4x4s) typically remain at the base camp at the foot of the mountain. Further ascent is then done on foot with the support of pack animals or guides.

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Safety

This is one of the most isolated regions on Earth; traveling here absolutely requires experienced local guides and professional organization. Risks include dehydration, severe heat, and a complete lack of medical facilities.

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Time needed

Such an expedition usually takes several weeks, from arriving in the country and crossing the desert to trekking to the summit. The trek itself often takes 7 to 10 days.

Geography

Coordinates

18.50000, 19.80000

Facts

Emi Koussi is the highest point in the entire Saharan desert belt.
The caldera at the summit is approximately 12 by 15 kilometers wide.
The 'Trou au Natron' crater basin is located on the southern side of the volcano.
The first documented ascent took place in September 1938.
Traces of prehistoric hunter-gatherers have been found on the mountain.
Temperatures at the summit can drop to as low as -15 degrees in winter.

Explore nearby

Notable places around

Ounianga Kébir96 km · NEExplore →

Governor's Palace (Faya-Largeau)97 km · SWExplore →

Lakes of Ounianga109 km · NEExplore →

Ounianga Sérir128 km · NExplore →

Tibesti Mountains130 km · NWExplore →

Ounianga Date Palm Groves136 km · NExplore →

Route planner — Car & Motorhome

Where do you start? We build the route here, with stops and country notes along the way.

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Overnight stops

Vehicle

Only stops with (optional): 💧 Water ♻️ Disposal 🔌 Power 🚻 Toilets 🚿 Shower

Sights nearby

Frequently asked questions

How strenuous is climbing the Emi Koussi?

This is an extremely demanding high-altitude climb requiring excellent fitness.

Do I need a guide?

Yes, without a local guide, the area is dangerous due to orientation difficulties.

Which season is safest?

Winter months offer the coolest temperatures, which minimizes climbing risks.

Are there water sources on the mountain?

No, you must carry your entire water supply yourself.

Is the mountain volcanic?

Yes, Emi Koussi is an extinct shield volcano.

Emi Koussi: where is it located?

Emi Koussi is located in Chad.

Emi Koussi: when is the best time to visit?

The most pleasant time to visit is Feb, Mar, Nov.

Emi Koussi: why is it worth visiting?

Emi Koussi is a massive dormant volcano in the Tibesti Mountains and, at 3,415 meters above sea level, is the highest mountain in Chad and the entire Sahara.

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