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Kariba Dam

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The Kariba Dam is a massive double-curvature concrete arch dam situated in the Kariba Gorge of the Zambezi River basin, positioned between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Constructed between 1955 and 1959 by the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, the dam stands 128 meters tall and spans 579 meters in length across the gorge. Its primary purpose was to provide hydroelectric power to both nations, and it currently supports two power stations with a combined capacity of over 1,600 megawatts. The creation of the dam led to the formation of Lake Kariba, which covers an area of approximately 5,580 square kilometers, making it one of the largest man-made reservoirs in the world by volume. During its construction, the project faced significant challenges, including record-breaking floods and the tragic loss of 86 workers, whose remains are entombed within the structure. The dam remains a vital piece of regional infrastructure, though its operation is increasingly influenced by fluctuating water levels and climate conditions. It is also culturally significant due to the local Tonga people's belief in the river god Nyaminyami, who was said to be angered by the damming of the Zambezi.
- Location: Zimbabwe
- Nearby: Kariba (4 km)
Best time to visit & climate
The most pleasant time to visit is Jun–Aug.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg °C | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 25 | 22 | 22 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 30 | 28 |
| Rain mm | 209 | 154 | 100 | 20 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 67 | 182 |
📋 Practical info
Geography
Facts
- The dam stands 128 meters high with a crest length of 579 meters.
- Construction began in 1955 and was officially opened in May 1959.
- Lake Kariba holds approximately 180 cubic kilometers of water.
- At least 86 workers lost their lives during the dangerous construction process.
- Operation Noah rescued over 6,000 animals from the rising floodwaters.
- The Kariba South Power Station was expanded to 1,050 MW in 2018.
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