Mariana

Mariana, established in 1696 as Ribeirão do Carmo, holds the distinction of being the first capital of Minas Gerais and the oldest city in the state. Its development was intrinsically linked to the Brazilian Gold Rush, serving as a primary administrative and religious hub for the Portuguese Crown in the interior. In 1745, the city was elevated to become the seat of the first bishopric in the region, which catalyzed the construction of grand religious edifices and civil structures. The urban layout, designed by the Portuguese engineer José Fernandes Pinto Alpoim, reflects an early attempt at planned colonization with organized streets and public squares. As a critical node on the Estrada Real (Royal Road), Mariana facilitated the flow of precious metals and goods between the mining districts and the coastal ports. Today, the city is a significant center for higher education and iron ore mining, while its historic core remains a vital repository of colonial art and architecture. The presence of masterpieces by the school of Aleijadinho and other Baroque artists underscores Mariana's role as a cultural cradle during the 18th century.

Nearby cities

Belo Horizonte

The capital of Minas Gerais, surrounded by mountains and famous for its traditional bars (Botecos).

Contagem

A highly industrialized city directly adjacent to Belo Horizonte and an important economic engine of the state.

Juiz de Fora

An important industrial and university city in southeastern Minas Gerais with strong historical ties to Rio de Janeiro.

Uberlândia

The most important city in the so-called Triângulo Mineiro, known as a strong location for agribusiness and logistics.

Caxambu

Caxambu is a traditional spa town famous for its therapeutic mineral water springs and grand 19th-century architecture.

Sao Thome das Letras

São Thomé das Letras is a mountain town in Minas Gerais built almost entirely from local quartzite stone.

Betim

A highly industrialized city next to Belo Horizonte, where some of the largest factories in Brazil are located.

Montes Claros

The largest city in northern Minas Gerais, an important regional center connecting the south and northeast of Brazil.

History & landmarks

Mineirão Stadium

The largest football stadium in the state of Minas Gerais and one of Brazil's most important sports temples.

More places

Ouro Preto

A well-preserved colonial town that was the center of the Brazilian gold rush in the 18th century.

Ouro Branco Steelworks

A massive steel manufacturing complex operated by Gerdau, strategically placed near abundant mineral resources.

Sanctuary of Congonhas

The Sanctuary of Congonhas is a major pilgrimage site in Minas Gerais and one of Brazil's best-known Baroque ensembles.

Sabará

A historic city near Belo Horizonte, known for its Baroque heritage and the Jabuticaba festival.

Itabira Iron Ore Mine

The birthplace of Vale company, this historic mining area is central to iron ore extraction in Minas Gerais.

Zoo-Botanical Foundation of Belo Horizonte

A vast park complex encompassing a zoo, a botanical garden, and a Japanese thematic area.

Betim Automotive Plant

One of the largest automotive manufacturing plants in the world, playing a crucial role in Brazil's industrial sector.

Tiradentes

Tiradentes is a well-preserved colonial town in Minas Gerais named after Brazil's national independence hero.