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Erta Ale
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Erta Ale is a continuously active basaltic shield volcano located in the Afar Region of northeastern Ethiopia. It is globally renowned for hosting a persistent lava lake within its summit crater, one of only a handful such features on Earth. The name Erta Ale translates to 'Smoking Mountain' in the local Afar language, a testament to its constant degassing and volcanic activity. Although it stands only about 613 meters high, it is a significant geological feature situated within the Danakil Depression, where the African continent is slowly tearing apart. The lava lake has been active since at least 1906, with its level and intensity rising and falling in cycles of tectonic pressure. Visiting Erta Ale is a demanding experience, usually involving a trek across jagged lava fields in extreme heat to witness the glow of molten rock against the night sky. Geologically, it represents a surface expression of the mantle plume activity that drives the East African Rift system.
Best time to visit & climate
The most pleasant time to visit is Jan, Feb, Dec.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg °C | 29 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 36 | 38 | 37 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 32 | 30 |
| Rain mm | 4 | 7 | 12 | 52 | 23 | 9 | 57 | 74 | 31 | 15 | 4 | 8 |
📋 Practical info
Getting there
The volcano is usually accessed via guided tours from Mekele. A long, demanding drive is followed by a strenuous hike to reach the actual crater rim.
Best season
The winter months between November and February offer the most tolerable temperatures. It is best to avoid the extreme and dangerous summer heat.
Terrain & paths
Expect rough, uneven lava fields and steep ascents along the trail. Finding solid footing can be particularly treacherous when hiking in the dark.
What to bring
Sturdy hiking boots, a reliable headlamp for night hiking, a dust mask, and abundant drinking water are absolutely critical for this demanding trek.
Parking
Vehicles are typically left securely at the established military and police camp located at the base of the volcano before the hike commences.
Safety
This is an active volcanic environment with potentially toxic gases. Armed escorts are often mandatory for security reasons in this border region.
Time needed
Visitors typically book a two to three-day guided tour, with the actual crater visit taking several hours, usually conducted during the cooler night.
Geography
Facts
- Known for its rare and persistent molten lava lake.
- The name means 'Smoking Mountain' in the Afar language.
- Stands as a basaltic shield volcano at 613 meters high.
- Eruptive activity has been observed continuously since 1906.
- The lava lake surface often crusts over and re-melts.
- Located in the heart of the geologically active Afar Rift.
Explore nearby
Notable places around
Route planner — Car & Motorhome
Where do you start? We build the route here, with stops and country notes along the way.
Vehicle
Only stops with (optional):
© OpenStreetMap contributors · OpenRouteService
Sights in the town Erta Ale (1)
Sights nearby
Frequently asked questions
What does Erta Ale mean?
In the Afar language, it means 'Smoking Mountain'.
Is there a lava lake there?
Yes, Erta Ale hosts one of the few permanent lava lakes in the world.
When do people hike to the crater?
The hike usually starts at night or at dusk to avoid the extreme heat.
Where do visitors sleep at the volcano?
Typically, people stay overnight in simple stone huts right on the crater rim.
Is the volcano dangerous?
Yes, it is an active volcano; gases and sudden eruptions require utmost caution.
Erta Ale: where is it located?
Erta Ale is located in Ethiopia.
Erta Ale: when is the best time to visit?
The most pleasant time to visit is Jan, Feb, Dec.
Erta Ale: why is it worth visiting?
Erta Ale is a continuously active basaltic shield volcano located in the Afar Region of northeastern Ethiopia.
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History & landmarks
Nature
More places
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One of the hottest and lowest places on Earth.
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Mount Tut
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Afar Camel Herds
Traditional camel herding is the livelihood basis for the nomadic Afar tribes.
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