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Lake Lanoto'o
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Lake Lanoto'o is a remarkable crater lake positioned in the central highlands of Upolu Island, forming the centrepiece of Samoa's first Ramsar site of international importance. Located at an elevation of approximately 600 metres above sea level, the lake occupies the caldera of an extinct volcano. It is famously characterized by its murky green waters and a thriving population of feral goldfish, introduced by European settlers in the 1800s. The surrounding environment consists of pristine montane rainforest, sustained by high annual rainfall and frequent cloud cover, making it a critical catchment area for the island's water supply. The area serves as a sanctuary for several rare plant species and endemic birds, most notably the endangered tooth-billed pigeon (Manumea). Due to its remote location and the challenging trek required to reach it, Lake Lanoto'o remains one of the most undisturbed ecological treasures in the South Pacific.
- Location: Samoa
- Nearby: Safata (5 km)
Best time to visit & climate
The most pleasant time to visit is Jul–Sep.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg °C | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 |
| Rain mm | 258 | 241 | 165 | 169 | 128 | 91 | 75 | 56 | 92 | 141 | 213 | 229 |
📋 Practical info
Getting there
The lake is reached by traversing the forested highlands of Upolu, usually starting from a rugged inland access road. Most visitors park at the trail head and hike the remaining distance.
Best season
Visiting during the dry season from May to October minimizes the chances of encountering deep mud on the forest trails. The tropical climate means humidity is always high.
Terrain & paths
The path involves a steady climb through dense rainforest, crossing muddy patches and exposed tree roots. Once at the crater rim, a steep descent leads down to the shores of the volcanic lake.
What to bring
High-quality, mud-resistant hiking boots and long-sleeved clothing are highly advised to protect against dense foliage and insects. A dry bag for your electronics is useful for sudden downpours.
Parking
Parking is informal, typically located at the end of the drivable track before the dense forest begins. It is highly recommended to use a high-clearance vehicle to safely reach this point.
Safety
Due to the remote location and lack of facilities, hiking with a local guide is strongly recommended to avoid getting lost. The lake banks can be unstable, so approach the water with caution.
Time needed
Expect the round-trip hike to the crater lake to take roughly three to five hours, depending on the condition of the muddy trails and how much time you spend resting at the crater rim.
Geography
Facts
- The lake is situated at an altitude of approximately 600 metres.
- It was designated as Samoa's first Ramsar site in 2004.
- The lake's goldfish population originates from 19th-century European introductions.
- There is no visible surface outlet for the lake; it is entirely rain-fed.
- The surrounding forest is a critical habitat for the rare tooth-billed pigeon.
- The protected area around the lake encompasses about 470 hectares.
Explore nearby
Notable places around
Route planner — Car & Motorhome
Where do you start? We build the route here, with stops and country notes along the way.
Vehicle
Only stops with (optional):
© OpenStreetMap contributors · OpenRouteService
Sights in the town Lake Lanoto'o (1)
Sights nearby
Frequently asked questions
How do you get to Lake Lanoto'o?
Only via a demanding hike through the interior.
Why is the water green?
This is due to the volcanic deposits and algae in the crater lake.
Do you need a guide?
Highly recommended, as the path is often overgrown and difficult to find.
How long does the tour take?
One should plan a full day for the round trip.
Are there any facilities there?
No, it is completely untouched nature.
Lake Lanoto'o: where is it located?
Lake Lanoto'o is located in Samoa.
Lake Lanoto'o: when is the best time to visit?
The most pleasant time to visit is Jul, Sep.
Lake Lanoto'o: why is it worth visiting?
Lake Lanoto'o is a remarkable crater lake positioned in the central highlands of Upolu Island, forming the centrepiece of Samoa's first Ramsar site of international importance.
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Siumu Uta
Siumu Uta is the higher-lying part of Siumu, distinguished by its fertile soils and lush plantations.
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Siumu
Siumu is a significant village on the south coast of Upolu.
History & landmarks
Nature
Lake Lanoto'o National Park
This national park in the highlands of Upolu protects a crater lake and the surrounding swampland.
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Mount Lanoto'o
Mount Lanoto'o contains the Lanoto'o crater lake, which is an internationally recognized wetland and conservation area.
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Mount Sinaele
Mount Sinaele is a mountain peak on Upolu, situated near Lake Lanoto'o and forming part of the highland relief.
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These caves provided protection from warring tribes for centuries.