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Jalali Castle (Qal'eh Jalali) and the adjacent Seljuk city wall (Hesar-e Seljuqi) form one of the most significant historical defensive complexes in Kashan, Iran. The origins of the fortifications date back to the 11th-century Seljuk period, when thick mud-brick walls were constructed to protect the city from enemy attacks. The castle itself was expanded and fortified in later centuries under the reign of Sultan Jalal al-Din Malik Shah. Today, the massive mud and brick ruins of the city walls and the remains of the fortress structures stand as an impressive testament to medieval Persian military architecture. Visitors can walk along the preserved sections of the walls and admire the immense scale of the former defense system. Historic dome-shaped ice houses (Yakhchal) can also be found near the defensive walls. A visit to Jalali Castle and the Seljuk fortress offers a fascinating insight into the rich history of Kashan and the strategic importance of the city along the historic trade routes of Iran.